Dynamic Security

This session will help you with; POP Describe the physical, dynamic and procedural security considerations in a custodial environment CEDI Evaluate the need for security and control in a custodial environment Objectives C]III students will be able to; C]State what is meant by the term ‘Dynamic Sec rite' C]Discuss the type of information that could be gained from Prison intelligence Comes students will be able to; C]List the benefits of a good prison regime Recap on Physical Security C]What is the difference between an Open or Closed orison in terms of security?Licensed is completely locked C]Open allows prisoners out for work/weekend home visits Estate the difference between a Category A prisoner and a Category D prisoner C]Category A – Pose threat to society, maximum security, crimes such as murder, rape or terrorism. Logicality D – Can be trusted in open conditions and sometime allowed out. Low risk. What does dynamic security mean?Surveillance – Covert a nd overt Clientà ¨le's gathering L]Monitoring everyday activities Prison definition of Dynamic Sec rite C] The process of looking for patterns n intelligence, close monitoring of gang members, sharing of information, close relationships with external agencies and partnerships to share intelligence, along with tackling the drug and violence issues.Areas for concern C]Visits – family or solicitors Commitment of prisoners for work, education, C]Mail – outgoing and incoming Phone calls monitored Group work Consider what information can be gathered from monitoring prisoners in these areas; C]Visits C]Movement of prisoners for work, education, Phone calls Question Elf you were sent to prison what would be your biggest concern?

How do you respond to the presentation of Curley’s wife in ‘Of Mice and Men’? Essay

Curley’s wife is presented as quite an ambiguous character. She is seen in two ways: in one way she is seen as `jail bait’, a `tart’ and `tramp’. In another way she is seen as a victim of a male society, the only female on the farm. Even as a main character in the novel, she remains nameless and only as `Curley’s wife’. This makes her sound like Curley’s property like Curley’s horse or clothes. This is also symbolic of the role of women at the time in which Of Mice and Men was set. Curley’s wife is seen as a very promiscuous woman, but that is only because of the picture you build in your mind from the description of her flirtatious attitudes. Before we even meet Curley’s wife she is degraded by Candy, the `old swamper’. He accuses her of having â€Å"the eye† even though she has been married two weeks: â€Å"You know what I think? †¦ I think Curleys married a tart.† Candy says this becaus e, Curley’s wife gives a few of the other workers â€Å"the eye.† or so he thinks. Curley’s wife enters the bunkhouse; she uses the excuse that she is looking for Curley. She does not seem to want to leave. George tells her that he was here earlier. She still does not leave though, â€Å"she put her hands behind her back and leaned against the door frame so that her body was thrown forward.† This demonstrates her flirtatious nature. Curley’s wife backs her story up by saying, â€Å"sometimes he’s in here† looking at her hands as she does so. She finally leaves when George again tells her that Curley isn’t there. â€Å"Nobody can’t blame a person for looking.† Curley’s wife says this almost to protect herself, as if to say, nobody can fault her if she is only looking for her husband. When thinking about or looking at what Curley’s wife is wearing, you would not associate it with every day life on a farm; she is out of place. Does this carry on throughout the story? Is she always out of place? â€Å"She had full rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were red. Her hair hung in little rolled cluster s, like sausages. She wore cotton house dress and red mules. On the insteps of which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers.† The constant reminder of red gives us two ideas: one, red being used as the colour of passion. Yet another sign of Curley’s wife’s flirtatious manner: two, red showing danger. All the signs of red could be a link to the red dress of the girl in Weed, where George and Lennie previously worked. Could there be a link? Curley’s wife recognises that her body and sexuality are her only weapons and she’s using them. In Steinbeck’s words â€Å"she had only one thing to sell and she knew it.† Curley’s wife is portrayed as this `tart’ and `jail bait’ not purely by accident. This portrayal is purely through the author’s actions. The mere fact that she is known only as Curley’s wife is a clear sign of her anonymity. She is given no name or in fact no identity. Is this hatred to women on Steinback’s part, or is he addressing the stereotyp ical attitudes towards women? Curley’s wife like everybody else has dreams. Curley’s wife’s dream is to be a star. Curley’s wife was asked to go on a show when she was younger, but her mother wouldn’t let her. Curley’s wife remembers a man in the â€Å"pitchers.† Said he’d write to her about becoming an actress and being in the movies. Curley’s wife says that her mother stole the letter when it came, to stop her from reaching her dream, when it really didn’t come at all. â€Å"Well I wasn’t gonna stay no place where I couldn’t get nowhere or make something of myself†¦ so I married Curley† this gives a strong impression that she married Curley purely out of spite, toward her mother. She goes on to say that â€Å"I don’ like Curley† this confirms the fact that she married him out of spite. Like the rest of the dreams in of Mice and Men hers so far has failed. â€Å"I coulda made somethin of myself†¦ maybe I will yet.† But Curley’s wife is still holding on to a faint glimmer of hope. This may explain Curley’s wife’s behaviour on the ranch; she may see it as a stage and the workers as her audience. In chapter four our attitudes towards Curley’s wife change dramatically throughout. In the beginning a feeling of sympathy and loneliness is aroused, because of her failed dreams and the way her husband treats her or rather doesn’t treat her â€Å"Think I don’t know where they all went?† Curley and the other ranch workers are spending their evening in a brothel. Toward the end a feeling of hatred or dislike is built up, beginning with her flirtatious manner to Lennie, ending with her racial abuse and threats towards Crooks: â€Å"I could get you strung up on a tree so easy it aint even funny.† This is another sign of the society at that time. Curley’s wife mocks the dream of George, Lennie and Candy, saying that they almost had better things to spend their money on: â€Å"Baloney†¦ I seen too many you guys. If you had two cents in the worl’ why you’d be getting two shots of corn†¦ And sucking the bottom of the glass.† This is a clear sign, to the reader, of her naivetà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Here she is mocking others dreams, when not so long ago her dream shattered around her. Curley’s wife’s death can be looked upon in many different ways. From the way the other characters are seen to respond, it is as if they are the victims of the death and not her. The way in which the author describes the body is the opposite: â€Å"She was very pretty and simple, and her face was sweet and young.† This would suggest an innocent frame of mind, as if her death had transformed her. To someone or something better. Even though Curley’s wife is dead, she is still subject to blame. Candy is one of those who feel this way, talking to the lifeless body â€Å"You done it, di’n’t you? I s’pose you’re glad. Everybody knowed you’d mess things up. You wasn’t no good. You aint no good now, you lousy tart.† When the `guys’ find out about her death, I don’t think that Curley seems to realise that his wife is dead. He doesn’t stop to mourn at all, or hold her one last time, as any self-respecting man would do. He is only interested in one thing, revenge. In conclusion Curley’s wife is seen as an ambiguous character. Her moods and mannerisms change throughout the novel. She is presented, as somebody that no one likes not even her own husband. I think this is character is very misunderstood and if anyone was to take the time to get to know her a little better I’m sure Curley’s wife could be a very `nice’ person.

Personal Finance Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Finance Concepts - Essay Example As the report declares a single liability limit on the other hand would not subdivide the coverage that may be claimed in this manner. It will merely specify a total amount that may be claimed towards all the various categories of damages that may occur, including both bodily damage and property damage. The insured amount can be applied towards any category of expense, however the insurer will not pay for a total amount more than that specified. This paper discusses that the amount of personal liability coverage on my policy is not adequate to protect all assets and future income. This is only a token amount that has been allotted since PIP is no longer considered mandatory in most states. It will cover only a few of the incidental expenses that are liable to arise out of an accident. Also, my car is seven years old, yet collision or property damage coverage is required, although the insurance companies pay for damages according to the book value of the car. The amount of deductible will determine the premium and every time a claim is made, the premium increases, so it is worth considering a higher deductible in order to avoid claims. In the case of an older car, it may be less worthwhile paying higher premiums that are good to protect against damages to a brand new car but not in the case of a car that is over seven years old, as in this case. Uninsured motorists coverage is mandatory in most states that require auto liabil ity insurance, in order to allow for expenses that an auto owner may incur through the fault of an uninsured motorist.

Written Business Communication (Assignment #1) Assignment

Written Business Communication ( #1) - Assignment Example The tenants look upon us to ensure that they are safe and secure to give them the worth of their money (Guffey & Loewy, 2013). Such a complication can have negative effects and cause some tenants to vacate the premise but we would not want that to happen. You will understand how adverse that is because we value our clients. We wish to request that the repair be done well and that you ensure mitigation of such occurrences in future. In addition to our customers’ value, a gate with problems can injure its users and this can warrant prosecution in a court of law. It would further be good if we tried to make the tenants comfortable as they stay in the premise. There are people with young children in the premise and they fear for the safety of their children especially when they go to work. There are complaints too about the gate rusting. We do not know the cause of this but it might be that the gate was not painted well. The rust could also be resulting from the spot where the two doors grind. Such open rust spots can cause serious injury if it was to cut. Tetanus is one such disease that one can contract if cut by such rusted material. This would have adverse effects on us and may compromise perception of our competence. We are good at what we do and we seek to offer quality services to our tenants (Guffey & Loewy, 2013). We hope that you can attend to this matter with utmost urgency. Our company wishes to remain partners with you in other premises that we manage. Consequently, we will need your assurance that you are competent and that you can respond immediately when called upon. You also know that we have our colleagues who also do property management and if we have your assurance of competence and quality service then we would not hesitate to refer and recommend you to them. We hope that there should not be a problem

Management Control System in Use Research Paper

Management Control System in Use - Research Paper Example Businesses and companies must keep a careful track of what management control techniques and strategies they are implementing in order to remain relevant to the needs of the stakeholders. Given that human resource is one of the most important stakeholders in the overall business environment, there is need to keep them motivated and aligned to business objectives. Recent years have seen the careful demarcation of different management control systems that need to be looked into detail before choosing what kind suits an organisation and its business environment as the best. 2. Table of Contents 3. Introduction A management control system (MCS) refers to a framework or mechanism that is used to gather, segregate and analyse information in order to evaluate the performance of various organisational resources. The organisational resources being scrutinised may include (but are not limited to) human, financial and physical resources as well as the entire organisation in the context of organ isational strategies. MCS is also critical in influencing the behaviour of organisational resources in order to implement and sustain organisational strategies. The implementation of MCS in an organisation may be carried out under a formal or an informal umbrella (Otley, 1994). Management control has been defined as the process used by managers in order to influence the behaviour of other organisation members in order to implement organisational strategies. MCS can be seen as the tools used to navigate the organisation in the direction of its strategic objectives and hence to competitive advantage. The management controls used are just one of the tools that can be utilised by management in order to implement the required strategies to drive strategic advantage. However, it must be borne in mind that strategies could be implemented using a number of different avenues such as management controls, human resource management, organisational structure and culture (Anthony & Govindarajan, 2007). In contrast to this view, it has been argued that management control system is a black box i.e. it is an operation whose exact nature is not decipherable. It is argued that management control systems rely on the behaviour of managers and this behaviour cannot be properly expressed through equations so it is predictable yet unquantifiable (Anthony & Young, 1999). Others have defined management control systems as a set of integrated techniques that can be utilised for collecting and using information in order to motivate employee behaviour and in order to analyse their performance (Horngren et al., 2005). This text will investigate the nature of management control systems further using an appropriate literature review but will not implement the findings of this review as access to a workplace could not be secured. 4. Introduction to Management Control Systems Control has been defined in different ways over time (Redda, 2007). The more traditional research carried out on the iss ue tends to define control as an exercise carried out in order to monitor division managers (Otley, 1995). However, it has also been argued that such a point of view may not be applicable and up to date in today’s more flexible environment. More modern reflection on this issue reveals that monitoring employees is not enough in itself but instead it is necessary to support the employees in archiving the goals and objectives of the business. Essentially management control system is an interdisciplinary issue as shown in the diagram below. Figure 1 - Management control system as an interdisciplinary phenomenon In contrast to this view, Merchant and Otley (2007) contend that â€Å"a management control system is designed to help an organization adapt to the environment in which it is set and to deliver the key results

Changes in Firm's Capital Structure add Shareholder Value Research Paper

Changes in Firm's Capital Structure add Shareholder Value - Research Paper Example The higher the level of debt the higher the level of risk. But nevertheless the higher the level of risk the higher the possible returns on a given level of investment. Shareholder value comes from the demand for and supply of company shares. If the management of the company were to decide in favor of more equity issues, then depending on the demand for the company shares the company value would rise or fall. With that, the shareholder value also would rise or fall. A risk is inevitably associated with the value of the firm viz. managers or agents always prefer a higher level of debt because it increases the value of the firm or its assets. Indeed the risk also increases though from the viewpoint of the manager it’s irrelevant because equity issues would glut the market with company shares and bring down the value of the company. As a result, the existing shareholders cannot be happier. They would get a windfall if they sold their shares now. Similarly when more debt is issued the company becomes entitled to more tax benefits. That, in turn, increases the value of the firm and thereby the shareholder value. The capital market structure of the firm can be examined with reference to a number of theories. The Modigliani-Miller Theorem is the earliest of such theories to consider the relevance of capital structure to determine the value of a firm. In recent times these theoretical constructs have been developed in line with an ever increasing tendency to consider the leverage issue of the company. Leveraging by managers to achieve exclusive personal goals is nothing new. In fact, it’s the conflict of interests between the principals or owners (or shareholders) and the agents (or managers) that have thrust the issue of leverage to the fore. In other words, the complex issues revolving around the capital structure of the firm are basically influenced by this conflict in which managers tend to have more information about the probable outcomes of future investments.

The state of the real estate market in UK Essay - 1

The state of the real estate market in UK - Essay Example From the research it is clear that real estate encompasses land and its additional features that increase its value. In United Kingdom (UK), the term real estate is dissimilar with different names. UK uses the word real property to denote real estate, which describes the land and its fixtures such as buildings and resources like minerals, water and harvests. While real estate market is the periodic change in upsurge of output alternating with the decline within a given time. In 1980s to 1990s, house prices appreciated by 300% while those of raw land raised by 1000% leading to recession. As from 1970, the average total price of the house for the first time buyers has increased for approximately 3, 100% at the same time, income average of the purchasers increasing by 1,900%. London records the lowest price of real estate to the initial buyer followed by South West. The alterations that happened in UK from 1980 to 2010 indicates how the country perceived an extraordinary increase in hou sing demand leading to increase in house prices. In 2010, house prices had raised threefold in 15 different cities and twice in 62 cities as compared to the house prices in 2005. The cities, which recorded the highest rise in the house prices, were Southern England, Salford and Newcastle while Scottish was among the countries, which recorded the least increases in prices of the house. Compared to other markets, the real estate market follows the fiscal principle of â€Å"supply and demand†. ... In 2010, the UK average number of real estate on the surveyor’s book raised by 4.1% from June raising the total average to 69.1, which was a drop of 0.1%. This led to the stock ratio sales dropping to 24%, which recorded the lowest level ever since June 2009. 1% more surveyors in the real estate recorded a rise surpassing a fall in total transactions which was a drop of 3% in the June 2009 transaction (Dijkman 2010, p.53). The total real estate supply raised and agents’ recorded a total average of 68% properties in contrary to the 59 of June 2009. The first time buyer (FTBs) percentages of total sales improved from 21% witnessed in June 2009 to 26% making the threshold of Stamp Duty Land Tax to rise to 250, 000 pounds (Jin, Yui & Zhixiong 2010, p. 527). In July 2010, both demand and supply for the real estates increased which was good news for housing market. According to the brokers in real estate, the total number of houses plus apartments in London traded for over 5 million pounds increased from 31% to 262%. On contrary, source of houses plus apartments for the sale above 5 million dollars significantly decreased leading to the raise of demand as inventory dropped. According to international luxury market, the prices of real estates in London were rising due to scarcity of property (Mun 2012, p. 676). This led to the real estate sellers in UK to accept the new trends in realities involved in luxury housing thus accepting on residence not commanding the real estate prices (Jinjarak & Sheffrin 2011, p. 246). During that period, general market activities and hopefulness increased leading to the drop in inventory while an increase in demand, which steered to inadequacy in classy housing inventory. In that

Role of the Entrepreneur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of the Entrepreneur - Essay Example Managing the business is the next step the business must take and the entrepreneur must ascertain that the incomes the business makes are higher than the expenses incurred while conducting the business. Understanding the drivers in the industry is important in as it makes the entrepreneur innovative which is a chief success attribute of an entrepreneur (Kingsland, 2007). Making the right decisions is paramount for the entrepreneur and he must ensure that resources are directed towards the right channels to ascertain there is no squander of resources, which would lead to losses. The actions of a firm earning profits add the value of resources as the firm is able to procure more resources into the business and operate at economies of scale. When a firm earns profits, the entrepreneur will be able to expand operations because they will have more money to spend to purchase more resources from the profits the organization makes. The organization will also be able to venture more into technology and move with the trends in the market so as to compete favorably with other business because they have enough revenues and this helps the organization to venture into new markets or improve their business operations. When losses are present, the value of resources diminishes, and this is because the business does not have adequate revenue to continue with its operations. Losses will eat into the capital of the business and some resources will be lost because the organization cannot put up with the high operational costs. When losses are present, operational costs will be high and this means that resources of the business will not be put into full potential hence the value of the resources will diminish. Some businesses are even forced to let go of some of the resources so as to maintain operational costs and this means that the value of the resources is diminished. It is not bad if a company making losses goes out of business, and this is because the central

Stock Market Vs. Gambling Essay Example for Free

Stock Market Vs. Gambling Essay The difference between gambling and buying stocks of companies is that you are betting on the future of the company and you have records you can research. If something terrible happens to the country, like a natural disaster, stocks will go down. If the country does well, the stock market will most likely go up. The key to doing well in the stock market is to research the companies you are trying to buy stock in. If you just pick a couple random companies to invest your well-earned money in, it would be more like gambling. It is possible to lose a large sum of money buying stocks if a company that was once flourishing has something bad happen. For example, those who owned stock in BP were probably doing all right until they had a vessel drop hundreds of thousands of oil into the gulf. Gambling in a casino, on the other hand is completely different. The house always a edge, and even though the edge is slim it still makes it so that the house will always win in the long run. If you are gambling in Vegas you better be using money you are willing to lose. In conclusion, if you do your homework and research and choose your stock right, more likely than not you will be making money. One thing is for sure I would feel safer tying my money up in the stock market than at the blackjack table.

Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Global Warming Essay Global Warming is an issue that concerns almost everybody worldwide: it is the primary cause for the erratic and sometimes devastating weather that is experienced around the world. Global warming is causing the rise in sea level which in turn causes the flooding of coastal areas and areas with low elevation. Is global warming really happening today? Scientists with the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) believe it is so (Mank, 2005). It is indisputable that there has been a rise in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere during the last century, which scientists think may be one of the causes of global warming. The climate change however is not a direct result of the rise in greenhouse gases. Will global warming spell doom for our world? Scientists believe this to be so. â€Å"Much depends on what actions we take now and in the coming years. † Meteorologist Jagadish Shukla of the University of Maryland found out that deforestation would cause rainfall in the Amazon River to decline by more than 26 percent from the current 2. 5 m. to about 1. 8 m. a year (Bellamy Gifford, 2000). At the same time, the burning of fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil, produces sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides which are hazardous to the atmosphere. Findings show that a single smokestack may produce as much as 500 tons of sulfur dioxide a day. When these gases combine with oxygen and moisture, sulfuric acid and nitric acid is formed. The rain will carry the acids to the ground (acid rain) which may cause the depletion of calcium and magnesium in the soil, elements needed by plants for the formation of chlorophyll and wood, or it may cause the release of aluminum in the soil, which are poisonous and can kill the roots of trees (Carwardine, 2000). This study intent to: (1) know the effect of global warming worldwide thus knowing the global warming and doomsday and; (2) widen our knowledge about the ozone slayer and do the humans are the reasons of causing global warming or if its just a natural process that the earth goes through. II. Literature Review Ozone is an unstable oxygen that occurs naturally in the atmosphere (also called isothermal region), the upper portion of the atmosphere above 7 miles where clouds are rare. The ozone layer absorbs the dangerous ultraviolet-B (UV-B) rays while it allows the needed safe light to pass through. Though easily broken down by other gases in the stratosphere, it is constantly being repaired by the sun’s rays. However, man is destroying the ozone layer which serves as a protective umbrella against the sun’s harmful rays. In fact, the ozone layer is destroyed faster than the sun’s rays can produce it. It is being destroyed by industrial gases like CFCs (Johnston, 2000). CFCs was discovered by Thomas Widgley Jr. , a chemist working at the Frigidaire Division of General Motors but were discovered hazardous in 1974—only after 44 years of use, used as coolants in refrigerators and air conditioners and aerosol propellants in spray cans, medical sterilizers, cleaning solvents for electronic components and raw materials for making plastic foams such as coffee cups. CFCs are estimated to account for 14 percent of global warming. It is dismaying to know that ozone depletion can be found in the south (Antarctica) and north (Greenland) poles (Dolan, 2006). According to British scientist Joe Farman, 40 percent of ozone depletion can be found in the South Pole. At the South Pole is a huge vortex with clouds composed of tiny ice particles, giving chlorine millions of tiny spaces through which it can perform its deadly dance with ozone even faster (Simpson, 2000). Both holes at the poles are seasonal, opening and closing each year. In the northern hemisphere, a more populous region, ozone depletion rate is between three percent and seven percent for 17 years, as compared previously to only three percent for100 years. On the other hand, what are the effects of Ultraviolet-B rays to human beings and the ecosystem in general? To humans, they can cause skin cancer and cataract and damage the immune system. To the ecosystem, they can kill planktons (basic element of the ocean food chain), destroy plant life and crops and change global wind and weather patterns. In 1978, Canada, Sweden, the United States and other countries banned the use of CFCs in aerosols. However, other uses of CFCs were found, effecting an increase in its production. The US still uses one-fourth of the world’s annual supply of CFCs (Turner, 2000). However, in September 1987, 24 nations cooperated for the first time to solve this environmental problem and passed the Montreal Protocol. The agreement issued a call for developed nations to freeze the use and production of CFCs while cutting 50 percent of use and production by 1999. Still, the CFCs currently rising through the troposphere will take seven to 10 years to drift up to the stratosphere. The troposphere is the portion of the atmosphere that is below the stratosphere, extending outward about seven to 10 miles from the earth’s surface (Bellamy Gifford, 2000). III. Methodology In order to accomplish this study, the researcher used two different methods to make the investigation more informative, accurate, and successful. Aside from gathering information through internet, the researcher gathered information through statistics, charts, and observation. IV. Results and analysis During the earliest times, the life-styles of our ancestors were very simple. The air they breathed was clean. The streams were clear and free of harmful organisms. They used natural fertilizers for their agricultural crops. The surroundings were free of household throwaways. Today, there has been a tremendous growth in science and technology. Such advances have brought about changes in terms of new products, improved equipment, and more effective methodologies. Unfortunately, this same technology which made life easier for us produced wastes which are now affecting the quality of our surrounding, air, water, and land. Factories and motor vehicles send tons of pollutants into our air. Excessive air pollution poses a danger to our health and environment. It can likewise cause stunted growth and even death to our plants. Out streams are polluted by discharges from industrial plants that use chemicals. Garbage and sink wastes are carelessly thrown in our surroundings. Synthetic fertilizers and insecticides pollute our land and farm products (Johnston, 2000). At the same time, the burning of fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil, produces sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides which are hazardous to the atmosphere. Findings show that a single smokestack may produce as much as 500 tons of sulfur dioxide a day. When these gases combine with oxygen and moisture, sulfuric acid and nitric acid are formed (Jenner, 1999). The rain will carry the acids to the ground (acid rain) which may cause the depletion of calcium and magnesium in the soil, elements needed by plants for the formation of chlorophyll and wood, or it may cause the release of aluminum in the soil, which are poisonous and can kill the roots of trees. Moreover, nitrous oxide or laughing gas is a colorless gas with a sweet taste and odor that is used as an anesthetic in minor surgery that H2O is responsible for about 6 percent of the human contributes to greenhouse warming. Methane or cow gas, on the other hand, makes up about 18 percent of human contributions to greenhouse effect. Cattle, sheep, goats, and other cud-chewing animals give off methane, in burps and flatulence as they digest (Cairncross, 2002). Experts said that what is happening right now is not a matter of adding a few degrees to the average temperature of a community. A rise of this magnitude may cause life, for without the environment, creatures on earth cannot survive (Davidson, 1999). CFCs are estimated to account for 14 percent of global warming. Experts said that what is happening right now is not a matter of adding a few degrees to the average temperature of a community. A rise of this magnitude may cause life, for without the environment, creatures on earth cannot survive With these, are we all aware of the extent of the damages brought about by modernization? Have we contributed to such environmental dilemma? What have we done to minimize such danger to our lives? How can we take care of our environment? We must undertake measures to preserve our resources and minimize utilization of energy before it’s too late. Our fight against pollution is an initial step toward conserving our environmental resources and energy. We must all join hands for this common goal. If present day emissions of greenhouse gases continue, it is estimated that the rate of increase in global mean temperatures will reach about 0. 30 0C per decade. This will mean a likely increase of 1 0C above the present level by the year 2025, and 30 0C before the end of the next century. A. Resolution a. ) Recycling and Reuse of Solid Wastes Solid wastes are now viewed as a potential resource which must be recovered and reused whenever possible. Since disposal forest resources are rapidly being depleted, recycling solid wastes offer a solution to both. Consider the element phosphorus. Mined from phosphate ores, it is manufactured into fertilizers. It enters the plant tissues and we obtain it when we eat plant as vegetable. This is later excreted and joins the sewage system. The sewage system sludge can be used directly as fertilizer or soil conditioner. Used bottles can be used over and over again. Durable plastic containers can be saved for more household uses. Tires can be recapped and used again. Old clothing materials are used as kitchen towels and bags (see Environment Matters: Industrys Guide to the Issues, the Challenges and the Solutions, 1999). If the materials cannot be used over several times, then they can be shredded and converted into a new form. Old newspapers are repulped into new paper. Broken glasses are ground and manufactured into new ones. Tires are processed to raw rubber. Protein leftovers are manufactured into animal feeds. b. ) Conserving our Forests Every now and then we receive alarming news about our forests being denuded. Big logging concessionaires indiscriminately cut down trees without undertaking reforestation measures. Without trees, the soil is loosened and rapid erosion occurs. As a result fertile topsoil is washed away, which makes growth of other forms of vegetation almost impossible. We suffer great loss of timber, wildlife, and other forest products. But the greatest danger is the occurrence of floods and global warming that cause losses of food, properties, and lives (Davidson, 1999).